1.Izinyathelo zokuqapha ekusebenzeni kwe-welding
Lapho u-welding, ukusebenza kufanele kwenziwe ngokuqinile ngokuya ngezinyathelo, ngaphandle kwalokho, ikhwalithi ye-welding izothinteka.
(1) Ingaphezulu lezinto zamapayipi ezishiselwe kufanele zihlanzeke noma zigqanyiswe. Umlomo ovuthayo kufanele ube bushelelezi, ube yindilinga, ungabi nama-burrs kanye nemifantu, futhi ufanane ngobukhulu. Pholisha amapayipi ethusi ukuze ashiselwe nge-sandpaper, futhi ekugcineni asule ngendwangu eyomile. Uma kungenjalo kuzothinta ukugeleza kwe-solder nekhwalithi ye-solder.
(2) Faka amapayipi ethusi azoshiselwa agqigqane (naka usayizi), futhi uqondanise isikhungo sendilinga.
(3) Lapho i-welding, izingxenye ezishiselwe kufanele zishiswe ngaphambili. Shisisa ingxenye yokushisela yepayipi lethusi ngelangabi, futhi lapho ipayipi lethusi lishiswa libe nsomi ngokubomvu, sebenzisa i-electrode eyisiliva ukuze uyishise. Ngemva kokuba ilangabi lisusiwe, i-solder incike ekuhlanganyeleni kwe-solder, ukuze i-solder incibilike futhi igeleze ezingxenyeni zethusi ezidayisiwe. Izinga lokushisa ngemva kokushisa lingabonisa izinga lokushisa ngombala.
(4) Kungcono kakhulu ukusebenzisa ilangabi elinamandla ukushisela ngokushesha, futhi unciphise isikhathi sokushisela ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze uvimbele ukukhiqizwa kwama-oxide amaningi epayipini. Ama-oksidi azodala ukungcola nokuvinjwa endaweni yokugeleza yesiqandisi, futhi abangele nomonakalo omkhulu ku-compressor.
(5) Lapho i-soldering, lapho i-solder ingaqini ngokuphelele, ungalokothi unyakazise noma udlidlize ipayipi lethusi, ngaphandle kwalokho ingxenye edayisiwe izoba nemifantu futhi ibangele ukuvuza.
(6) Ohlelweni lwesiqandisi olugcwaliswe ngo-R12, akuvunyelwe ukushisela ngaphandle kokukhipha amanzi esiqandisini sika-R12, futhi akunakwenzeka ukulungisa ukushisela lapho uhlelo lwesiqandisi lusavuza, ukuze kuvinjelwe isiqandisi i-R12 ekubeni sibe nobuthi ngenxa yomlilo ovuthayo. I-Phosgene inobuthi emzimbeni womuntu.
2. Indlela yokushisela izingxenye ezahlukene
(1) Ukushiselwa kokufakwa kwamapayipi obubanzi besigaba
Uma ufaka amapayipi ethusi anobubanzi obufanayo ohlelweni lwesiqandisi, sebenzisa i-casing welding. Okusho ukuthi, ipayipi elishiselwe linwetshwa libe yinkomishi noma emlonyeni wensimbi, bese kufakwa elinye ipayipi. Uma ukufakwa kufushane kakhulu, ngeke kuthinte amandla nokuqina kuphela, kodwa futhi ukugeleza kuzogeleza kalula kumbhobho, okubangela ukungcola noma ukuvinjelwa; uma igebe phakathi kwamapayipi angaphakathi nangaphandle lilincane kakhulu, i-flux ayikwazi ukugeleza endaweni yokuqukatha futhi ingashiselwa kuphela ngaphandle kwesixhumi esibonakalayo. Amandla mancane kakhulu, futhi azoqhekeka futhi avuze lapho engaphansi kokudlidliza noma amandla okugoba; uma igebe elihambisanayo likhulu kakhulu, i-flux izogeleza kalula epayipini, okubangela ukungcola noma ukuvinjelwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuvuza kuzobangelwa ukugcwaliswa okunganele kwe-flux ku-weld, hhayi kuphela ikhwalithi Ayilungile, kodwa futhi nokuchithwa kwezinto. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha ubude bokufaka kanye negebe phakathi kwamapayipi amabili ngokunengqondo.
(2) Ukushiselwa kweshubhu le-capillary kanye neshubhu yethusi
Lapho kulungiswa umshini wokomisa isihlungi wesistimu yesiqandisi, ithubhu le-capillary (i-throttle capillary tube) kufanele lishiselwe. Lapho i-capillary ishiselwe endaweni yokomisa isihlungi noma amanye amapayipi, ngenxa yomehluko omkhulu kumadayimitha amabili wamapayipi, amandla okushisa e-capillary mancane kakhulu, futhi umkhuba wokushisa ngokweqile uthambekele kakhulu ekukhuliseni okusanhlamvu kwe-metallographic ye-capillary, eba yi-brittle futhi kulula ukuphuka. Ukuze uvimbele i-capillary ekushiseni ngokweqile, i-gas welding flame kufanele igweme i-capillary futhi iyenze ifinyelele izinga lokushisa lokushisela ngesikhathi esifanayo neshubhu eliwugqinsi. Isiqeshana sensimbi singasetshenziswa futhi ukugoqa ishidi lethusi eliwugqinsi eshubhuni ye-capillary ukwandisa indawo yokukhipha ukushisa ngendlela efanele ukuze kugwenywe ukushisa ngokweqile.
(3) Ukushiselwa kweshubhu le-capillary kanye nokomisa okokuhlunga
Ukujula kokufakwa kwe-capillary kufanele kulawulwe phakathi kokuqala kuka-5-15mm, isiphetho sokufakwa kwe-capillary kanye nokomisa okokuhlunga kufanele kube ngu-5mm kusukela ekugcineni kwesikrini sokuhlunga, futhi igebe elihambisanayo kufanele libe ngu-0.06~0.15mm. Ukuphela kwe-capillary kwenziwa kahle kakhulu kube i-engeli emise okwehhashi engu-45° ukuvimbela izinhlayiya zangaphandle ukuthi zingahlali endaweni yokugcina futhi zidale ukuvinjelwa.
Uma amadayimitha amabili wamapayipi ehluke kakhulu, okomisa okokuhlunga kungagaywa futhi nge-clamp yepayipi noma i-vise ukuze kuncishiswe ipayipi elingaphandle, kodwa i-capillary yangaphakathi ayikwazi ukucindezelwa (ifile). Okungukuthi, faka ishubhu le-capillary eshubhuni yethusi kuqala, bese ulikhama nge-clamp yepayipi ebangeni elingu-10 mm kusukela ekupheleni kweshubhu eliwugqinsi.
(4) Ukushiselwa kwepayipi eliyisiqandisi kanye nepayipi elicindezelayo
Ukujula kwepayipi lesiqandisi elifakwe epayipini kufanele kube ngu-10mm. Uma ingaphansi kuka-10mm, ipayipi lesiqandisi lizophuma kalula liye ngaphandle ngesikhathi sokushisisa, okubangele ukuthi ukugeleza kuvimbe umlomo.
3. Ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi yokushisela
Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi akukho ukuvuza ngokuphelele engxenyeni eshiselwe, ukuhlolwa okudingekayo kufanele kwenziwe ngemuva kokushisela.
(1) Hlola ukuthi ukuvala ukusebenza kwe-weld kuhle yini. Ngemva kokufaka isiqandisi noma i-nitrogen ukuze izinze isikhathi esithile, ingahlolwa ngamanzi anensipho noma ngezinye izindlela.
(2) Uma ukusebenza kwesiqandisi kanye ne-air-conditioning kusebenza, akukho mifantu (ama-seams) endaweni yokushisela ngenxa yokudlidliza okufanele kuvunyelwe.
(3) Ipayipi akufanele livalwe ngenxa yemfucumfucu engena ngesikhathi sokushisela, futhi akufanele ingene emswakameni ngenxa yokungasebenzi kahle.
(4) Lapho umsebenzi wesiqandisi kanye ne-air-conditioner, indawo engaphezulu yengxenye yokushisela kufanele ihlanzeke futhi ingabi namabala kawoyela.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-23-2021