Kunezindlela eziningi zokuqandisa, futhi okulandelayo kuvame ukusetshenziswa:
1. Isiqandisi sokushisa uketshezi
2. Ukwandiswa kwegesi kanye nokuqandisa
3. Isiqandisi se-Vortex tube
4. Ukupholisa kwe-thermoelectric
Phakathi kwazo, ukuqandisa uketshezi oluphuma efrijini yikho okusetshenziswa kakhulu. Kusebenzisa umphumela wokumunca ukushisa wokufumisa uketshezi ukuze kufezwe ukuqandisa. Ukucindezelwa komusi, ukumunca, ukujova umusi kanye nokuqandisa uketshezi konke kuyikuqandisa uketshezi oluphuma efrijini.
Ukushisa kokucindezela umhwamuko kungokwesiqandisi sokushintsha kwesigaba, esisebenzisa umphumela wokumunca ukushisa lapho isiqandisi sishintsha kusuka koketshezi siye kugesi ukuze sithole amandla abandayo. Yakhiwe ngezingxenye ezine: i-compressor, i-condenser, i-throttling mechanism kanye ne-evaporator. Zixhunywe ngamapayipi ukuze zakhe uhlelo oluvaliwe.
Izingxenye eziyinhloko zefriji kanye nezesekeli
1. I-compressor
Ama-compressor ahlukaniswe ngezakhiwo ezintathu: uhlobo oluvulekile, uhlobo oluvulekile kancane, kanye nohlobo oluvaliwe. Umsebenzi we-compressor ukumunca i-refrigerant esezingeni eliphansi kusukela ohlangothini lwe-evaporator, bese uyicindezela ibe umhwamuko we-refrigerant osezingeni eliphezulu, bese uyithumela ku-condenser.
2.I-Condenser
I-condenser iyidivayisi yokushintshanisa ukushisa edlulisela amandla okupholisa e-evaporator ohlelweni lokuqandisa kanye nomsebenzi wokubonisa ukucindezela kwe-compressor endaweni ezungezile (amanzi okupholisa noma umoya). Ngokwendlela yokupholisa, i-condenser ingahlukaniswa ibe yi-epholiswe ngomoya, epholiswe ngamanzi kanye ne-evaporative. I-condenser iyidivayisi yokushintshanisa ukushisa edlulisela amandla okupholisa e-evaporator ohlelweni lokuqandisa kanye nomsebenzi wokubonisa ukucindezela kwe-compressor endaweni ezungezile (amanzi okupholisa noma umoya). Ngokwendlela yokupholisa, i-condenser ingahlukaniswa ibe yi-epholiswe ngomoya, epholiswe ngamanzi kanye ne-evaporative.
3. Isihwamukisi
I-evaporator isho ukuthi uketshezi lwesiqandisi luyabila futhi lumunce ukushisa kwendawo epholile (umoya noma amanzi) ekushiseni okuphansi ukuze kufezwe injongo yesiqandisi.
4. I-valve ye-solenoid
I-Solenoid valve uhlobo lwe-valve yokuvala evulwa ngokuzenzakalelayo ngaphansi kokulawulwa kukagesi. Ivame ukufakwa epayipini lesistimu ukuze ivule futhi ivale ngokuzenzakalelayo i-actuator yesilawuli sezindawo ezimbili sepayipi lesistimu yokuqandisa. I-solenoid valve ivame ukufakwa phakathi kwe-expansion valve kanye ne-condenser. Indawo kufanele isondele kakhulu kwivalvu yokunweba, ngoba ivalvu yokunweba iyinto nje yokugoqa futhi ayikwazi ukuvalwa yodwa, ngakho-ke ivalvu ye-solenoid kumele isetshenziswe ukusika ipayipi lokuphakelwa koketshezi.
5. I-valve yokwandisa ukushisa
Amadivayisi okuqandisa avame ukusebenzisa ama-valve okwandisa ukushisa ukulungisa ukugeleza kwe-refrigerant. Akuyona nje i-valve elawulayo elawula ukunikezwa koketshezi kwe-evaporator, kodwa futhi ne-valve ye-throttle yedivayisi yokuqandisa. I-valve yokwandisa ukushisa isebenzisa ushintsho ekushiseni okukhulu kwe-refrigerant endaweni yokuphuma ye-evaporator ukulungisa ukunikezwa koketshezi. I-valve yokwandisa ukushisa ixhunywe epayipini lokungena koketshezi le-evaporator, futhi ibhalbhu yokuzwa izinga lokushisa ibekwa epayipini lokukhipha i-evaporator (i-outlet). Ngokuvamile ihlukaniswe ngezakhiwo ezahlukene ngokuya ngesakhiwo se-valve yokwandisa ukushisa:
(1) Ivalvu yokwandisa ukushisa elinganiswe ngaphakathi;
(2) Ivalvu yokwandisa ukushisa elinganisiwe ngaphandle.
Ivalvu yokwandisa ukushisa elinganisiwe ngaphakathi: Yakhiwe ngebhalbhu yokuzwa ukushisa, ithubhu le-capillary, isihlalo sevalvu, i-diaphragm, induku ye-ejector, inaliti yevalvu kanye nendlela yokulungisa. Amavalvu okwandisa ukushisa alinganisiwe ngaphakathi ngokuvamile asetshenziswa kuma-evaporator amancane.
Ivalvu yokwandisa ukushisa elinganisiwe ngaphandle: Ivalvu yokwandisa ukushisa elinganisiwe ngaphandle Kuma-evaporator anemipayipi emide noma ukumelana okukhulu, amavalvu okukhulisa ukushisa alinganisiwe ngaphandle avame ukusetshenziswa. Ku-evaporator enobukhulu obufanayo, ivalvu yokwandisa elinganisiwe ngaphakathi ingasetshenziswa uma isetshenziswa endaweni yokugcina ukushisa okuphezulu, kuyilapho ivalvu yokwandisa elinganisiwe ngaphandle ingasetshenziswa uma isetshenziswa endaweni yokugcina ukushisa okuphansi. Ku-evaporator enobukhulu obufanayo, ivalvu yokwandisa elinganisiwe ngaphakathi ingasetshenziswa uma isetshenziswa endaweni yokugcina ukushisa okuphezulu, kuyilapho ivalvu yokwandisa elinganisiwe ngaphandle ingasetshenziswa uma isetshenziswa endaweni yokugcina ukushisa okuphansi.
6. Isihlukanisi samafutha
Isihlukanisi samafutha sivame ukufakwa phakathi kwe-compressor kanye ne-condenser ukuze kuhlukaniswe uwoyela womshini wokuqandisa ofakwe emphefumulweni we-refrigerant. Idivayisi yokubuyisela uwoyela isetshenziselwa ukubuyisela uwoyela womshini wokuqandisa ekhabetheni le-compressor; isakhiwo esivame ukusetshenziswa se-oyela wokuhlukaniswa sinezinhlobo ezimbili: uhlobo lwe-centrifugal kanye nohlobo lwesihlungi.
7. Isihlukanisi segesi noketshezi
Hlukanisa i-refrigerant yegesi ne-refrigerant ewuketshezi ukuze uvimbele i-compressor ukuthi ingangeni ku-liquid hammer; gcina uketshezi lwe-refrigerant emjikelezweni we-friji, bese ulungisa uketshezi olutholakalayo ngokuya ngokushintsha komthwalo.
8. Idamu Lokugcina Imfucuza
Ngokubeka i-accumulator, umthamo wokugcina uketshezi we-accumulator ungasetshenziswa ukulinganisela nokuqinisa ukujikeleza kwe-refrigerant ohlelweni, ukuze idivayisi yokuqandisa isebenze ngendlela evamile. I-accumulator ngokuvamile ibekwa phakathi kwe-condenser kanye ne-throttling element. Ukuze i-refrigerant yoketshezi ku-condenser ingene kahle ku-accumulator, indawo ye-accumulator kufanele ibe ngaphansi kune-condenser.
9. Umshini wokomisa
Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi i-refrigerant ijikeleza kahle, uhlelo lokuqandisa kumele lugcinwe luhlanzekile futhi lomile. I-filter dryer ivame ukufakwa ngaphambi kokuba i-throttling element idlule. Lapho i-liquid refrigerant idlula okokuqala kwi-filter dryer, ingavimbela ngempumelelo ukuvaleka kwe-throttling element.
10. Ingilazi yokubona
Isetshenziswa kakhulu ukukhombisa isimo sesiqandisi esisepayipini eliwuketshezi ledivayisi yesiqandisi kanye nokuqukethwe kwamanzi esiqandisini. Ngokuvamile, imibala ehlukene imakwe ebhokisini lengilazi yokubona ukukhombisa okuqukethwe kwamanzi kwesiqandisi ohlelweni.
11. Ukudluliselwa kwamandla kagesi aphezulu naphansi
Uma ingcindezi yokukhipha i-compressor iphezulu kakhulu, izonqamula ngokuzenzakalelayo, imise i-compressor futhi isuse imbangela yokucindezela okuphezulu, bese isetha kabusha ngesandla ukuze iqalise i-compressor (iphutha + i-alamu); lapho ingcindezi yokumunca yehla iye emkhawulweni ophansi, izonqamula ngokuzenzakalelayo. Misa i-compressor, bese unika amandla i-compressor futhi lapho ingcindezi yokumunca ikhuphukela emkhawulweni ophezulu.
12. Ukudluliselwa kwengcindezi kawoyela ohlukile
Iswishi kagesi esebenzisa umehluko wokucindezela phakathi kokumunca nokukhipha ipompo kawoyela wokugcoba njengesignali yokulawula, lapho umehluko wokucindezela ungaphansi kwenani elibekiwe, imisa i-compressor ukuthi iyivikele.
13. Ukudluliselwa kwezinga lokushisa
Sebenzisa izinga lokushisa njengesignali yokulawula ukulawula izinga lokushisa lesitoreji esibandayo. Ukuqala nokuma kwe-compressor kungalawulwa ngqo ngokulawula ukuvulwa nokuvalwa kwe-valve ye-solenoid yokunikezwa koketshezi; uma umshini owodwa unezingodo eziningi, ukudluliselwa kwezinga lokushisa kwengodo ngayinye kungaxhunywa ngokulingana ukulawula ukuqala nokuma okuzenzakalelayo kwe-compressor.
14. Isiqandisi
Ama-refrigerant, aziwa nangokuthi ama-refrigerant nama-refrigerant, ayizinto zemidiya ezisetshenziswa ezinjinini ezahlukene zokushisa ukuze kuqedwe ukuguqulwa kwamandla. Lezi zinto zivame ukusebenzisa izinguquko zesigaba eziguqukayo (njengokuguqulwa kwesigaba segesi noketshezi) ukwandisa amandla.
15. Uwoyela wesiqandisi
Umsebenzi wamafutha omshini wokuqandisa ikakhulukazi ukugcoba, ukuvala, ukupholisa nokuhlunga. Kuma-compressor amasilinda amaningi, uwoyela wokugcoba ungasetshenziswa futhi ukulawula indlela yokukhipha impahla.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-15-2021