Ngokuvamile, kunezindlela ezimbili zokulondoloza:
1. Izindlela zomzimba zifaka phakathi: isitoreji esiphansi sokushisa, isitoreji somkhathi esilawulwayo, isitoreji sokunciphisa ukucindezeleka, isitoreji semisebe kagesi, njll. Phakathi kwazo, ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe bokugcina okusha buhlanganisa kakhulu ukugcinwa okusha okubalulekile kokushisa okuphansi kanye nomswakama ophezulu, ukugcinwa okusha komkhathi okuhlelwe ngamanzi phakathi kwamaseli, ukugcinwa okusha komoya opholile okushintshiwe nge-ozone, njll. Nakuba lobu buchwepheshe bokugcina okusha busetshenziswa kabanzi, budinga imishini ekhethekile, imisebenzi eyinkimbinkimbi, izindleko eziphakeme, kanye nobukhulu. Kukhona ubunzima ekubusebenziseni.
2. Izindlela zamakhemikhali ikakhulukazi ziqukethe izinto zokugcina izinto ezintsha. Izinto zokugcina izinto ezivamile zifaka: ama-smear opende, izinto zokwelapha i-ethylene (ezimunca i-ethylene), izinto zokugcina izinto ezibulala amagciwane ezibulala amagciwane, njll. Uma isetshenziselwa ukugcina izinto ezintsha ekhaya, kunconywa ukusebenzisa izinto zokugcina izinto ezincane zamakhemikhali. Ngokuvamile, kusetshenziswa izindlela ezibonakalayo, njengokugcina izinto ezisezingeni eliphansi lokushisa (isiqandisi), i-cellar, ukuvala i-exhaust noma ukufaka emanzini (izinga lokushisa eliphansi kanye nomswakama ophezulu), futhi ngokuvamile zidinga usizo lwendawo yokugcina izinto ebanda yokugcina izinto ezintsha.
Ngokuphathelene nokuhlukanisa, kunezindlela eziyishumi ezithile (ezimweni eziningi, ukuhlanganyela kwendawo yokugcina ebandayo esanda kugcinwa kuyadingeka):
1. Ukulondolozwa kwefilimu entsha:
Leli yifilimu yokupakisha yepulasitiki ehlala isikhathi eside futhi ehlala isikhathi eside eyakhiwe yiJapane. Yakhiwe ngamafilimu amabili e-nylon akhanyayo anokungena kwamanzi okunamandla, kanti unamathisela wemvelo kanye nomfutho ophezulu we-osmotic kufakwa phakathi kwamafilimu. Isiraphu kashukela egobile esezingeni eliphezulu ingamunca kancane amanzi aphuma ebusweni bemifino, izithelo nenyama, ukuze ihlale isha.
2. Ukulondolozwa kwe-microwave
Lena indlela yokugcina ihlanzekile yokubulala amagciwane ezithelo, imifino kanye nezinhlanzi ezishisa kancane yinkampani eNetherlands. Isebenzisa ama-microwave ukuyifudumeza kufikela ku-72°C esikhathini esifushane (amasekhondi angu-120), bese ibeka ukudla okucutshunguliwe emakethe ku-0-4°C, futhi ingagcinwa izinsuku ezingu-42-45 ngaphandle kokuwohloka. Ifanelekela ukuhlinzekwa "kwemifino nezithelo zesizini" ngesikhathi sokuphumula, futhi ithandwa ngabantu.
3. Izithako zokugcina imifino nezithelo ezidliwayo:
Lesi isilondolozi semifino nezithelo esidliwayo esakhiwe yinhlangano yokudla yaseBrithani. "Siyi-emulsion ekhanyayo" eyenziwe nge-sucrose, isitashi, i-fatty acid kanye ne-polyester. Singafuthwa, sihlikihlwe, bese sicwiliswa ku-watermelon, utamatisi, i-bell pepper, i-eggplant, ikhukhamba, i-apula, njll. Isikhathi sokuvuselelwa kwebhanana nezinye izindawo singaba izinsuku ezingama-200 noma ngaphezulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi lesi silondolozi sakha "ifilimu yokuvala" ebusweni bezithelo nemifino, okuvimbela ngokuphelele umoya-mpilo ukuthi ungene ngaphakathi kwezithelo nemifino, ngaleyo ndlela kufezwe injongo yokwelula inqubo yokuvuthwa kwezithelo nemifino kanye nokuthuthukisa umphumela wokulondolozwa.
4. Ibhokisi elihlanziwe kabusha
Lolu uhlobo olusha lwebhokisi elithuthukiswe yi-Japan Food Distribution System Association. Abacwaningi basebenzise i-"Ristobalite" (uhlobo lwe-silicate) njengesithako ku-pulp. Ngoba lolu hlobo lwempuphu yamatshe lunomphumela omuhle wokumuncwa kwamagesi ahlukahlukene, futhi isisindo semifino nezithelo ezintsha ngeke sincishiswe, ngakho abathengisi bathanda ukuyisebenzisa, futhi ihlukile ekugcinweni nasekuthuthweni okude.
5. Indlela yokulondoloza ingxube ye-hydrocarbon:
Lesi "yisilondolozi semvelo esidliwayo" esakhiwe yiNkampani ye-British Sempei Biotechnology engakwazi ukuphinda kabili isikhathi sokugcina samatamatisi, upelepele, amapheya, amagilebhisi kanye nezinye izithelo nemifino. Sisebenzisa ingxube eyinkimbinkimbi yama-hydrocarbon. Uma sisetshenziswa, siyancibilika emanzini ukuze sakhe isimo sesisombululo, bese imifino nezithelo ezizogcinwa zintsha zicwiliswa esixazululweni, ukuze ubuso bemifino nezithelo bumbozwe ngokulinganayo ngesendlalelo se-ejenti yoketshezi. Lokhu kuzonciphisa kakhulu inani lomoya-mpilo omuncwayo, ukuze cishe yonke i-carbon dioxide ekhiqizwa izithelo nemifino izokhishwa. Ngakho-ke, umphumela wesilondolozi kanye nokushisa okuphansi kwesitoreji esibandayo esigcina okusha kufana ncamashi "nemithi yokubulala izinzwa" esetshenziswa ezithelweni nasemifino, okwenza kube sesimweni sokulala.
6. Izikhwama zokugcina izinto ezintsha ezenziwe ngobumba:
Lesi yisikhwama sokugcina imifino nezithelo esisha esinomphumela we-infrared ophakeme kakhulu esakhiwe yinkampani yaseJapan. Simbozwe kakhulu ngesendlalelo esincane kakhulu sezinto zobumba ngaphakathi kwesikhwama, futhi imisebe ye-infrared ekhishwa yi-ceramic ingakhiqiza umswakama ezithelweni nasemifino. Ukunyakaza okunamandla "kokuqaqamba" kukhuthaza ukulondolozwa kwezithelo nemifino.
7. Indlela Yokulondoloza Ubuchwepheshe Be-elekthronikhi:
Lokhu kufezwa ngokusebenzisa ama-ion e-oxygen angemahle kanye ne-ozone ekhiqizwa yi-high-voltage negative electrostatic field. Ama-ion e-oxygen angemahle angaphazamisa ama-enzyme e-metabolic ezithelo nemifino, ngaleyo ndlela anciphise amandla okuphefumula kwezithelo nemifino futhi enze buthaka ukukhiqizwa kwe-ethylene njenge-ejenti yokuvuthwa kwezithelo. I-Ozone iyi-oxidant enamandla futhi iyisibulala-magciwane esihle kanye ne-bactericide, engakwazi ukubulala nokuqeda ama-microorganisms kanye nobuthi obukhishwa ezithelweni nasemifino, kodwa futhi ivimbela futhi ilibazise i-hydrolysis yezinto eziphilayo ezithelweni nasemifino, ngaleyo ndlela yandise isikhathi sokugcina sezithelo nemifino.
8. Indlela yokulondoloza ukususwa kokucindezeleka:
Lena indlela entsha yokugcina izithelo nemifino, enomphumela omuhle wokugcina izithelo nemifino zisha, futhi inezinzuzo zokuphathwa okulula, ukusebenza okulula, kanye nezindleko eziphansi. Amanye amazwe afana ne-United Kingdom, i-United States, iJalimane, neFrance athuthukise izitsha ezinomfutho ophansi ezinezincazelo ezijwayelekile. , isetshenziswe kabanzi ekuthuthweni kwezithelo nemifino ebangeni elide.
9. Ukulondolozwa kwengcindezi:
Yathuthukiswa ngempumelelo yi-Food Science Institute yaseKyoto University eJapan. Isebenzisa ingcindezi ukwenza ukudla. Imifino ingagcinwa imisha isikhathi eside futhi isha ngemva kokuhlanza. Kodwa-ke, i-asidi ayikwazi ukusebenza ngaphansi kwengcindezi, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuyidla. Esimweni esihle kakhulu, kungcono ukulondoloza ama-pickle nezithelo.
10. Indlela yokulondoloza amagciwane:
I-ethylene inomthelela wokukhuthaza ukuguga nokuvuthwa kwezithelo nemifino, ngakho-ke ukuze izithelo nemifino zihlale zintsha, i-ethylene kumele isuswe. Ngemva kokuhlola nokucwaninga, ososayensi bathole uhlobo "lwe-NH-9" olungakhiqiza izinto "ze-ethylene remover NH-T" ezisusa i-ethylene, ezingavimbela ukunsundu, ukukhululeka, kanye nokulahlekelwa okusanhlamvu ngesikhathi sokugcinwa kwamagilebhisi. Utamatisi nopelepele kungavimbela ukulahleka kwamanzi, ukushintsha kombala kanye nokuthamba, futhi kube nemiphumela ecacile yokugcina okusha.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-26-2022